Abstract
Medical operation planning requires high precision due to the health risks involved. In virtual reality-based osteotomy operation planning, medical professionals would like to use their hands instead of the controllers for osteotomy plane manipulation. However, using hands as an input method in virtual reality is challenging due to noisy hand tracking. We explored the perceptual structure of precise plane manipulation by conducting a controlled experiment to compare: (1) separable Push-Poke which dynamically selects plane manipulation parameters, (2) separable custom axis with Control-Display gain widget which provides user to select object manipulation parameters, (3) integral pinch-based direct manipulation. The perceptual structure of hand-based plane manipulation techniques is composed of (1) integral and fast direct manipulation and (2) separable slow technique that dynamically selects manipulation parameters.
