BibTex
@inproceedings{Fujita:2010:,
author = {Fujita, Kazuyuki and Itoh, Yuichi and Takashima, Kazuki and Kitamura, Yoshifumi and Tsukitani, Takayuki and Kishino, Fumio},
title = {Anchored navigation: coupling panning operation with zooming and tilting based on the anchor point on a map},
booktitle = {Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2010},
series = {GI 2010},
year = {2010},
issn = {0713-5424},
isbn = {978-1-56881-712-5},
location = {Ottawa, Ontario, Canada},
pages = {233--240},
numpages = {8},
publisher = {Canadian Human-Computer Communications Society},
address = {Toronto, Ontario, Canada},
}
Abstract
We propose two novel map navigation techniques, called Anchored Zoom (AZ) and Anchored Zoom and Tilt (AZT). In these techniques, the zooming and tilting of a virtual camera are automatically coupled with users' panning displacements so that the anchor point determined by users always remains in a viewport. This allows users to manipulate a viewport without mode-switching among pan, zoom, and tilt while maintaining a sense of distance and direction from the anchor point. We conducted an experiment to evaluate AZ and AZT and compare them with Pan & Zoom (PZ) [17] and Speed-dependent Automatic Zooming (SDAZ) [10] in off-screen target acquisition tasks and spatial recognition tests. Results showed that our proposed techniques were more effective than those of competitors in reducing time to reach off-screen objects while maintaining users' sense of distance and direction as well as PZ.